Analgesia Nociception Index: Heart Rate Variability Analysis of Emotional Status

Abstract

Analgesia nociception index (ANI) has been developed for real-time pain measurement during a surgical procedure under general anesthesia. The index is based on heart rate variability and constitutes a measure of parasympathetic tone. In this paper, we hypothesized that this index could be used as a tool to investigate the process of emotional regulation of a human subject.

Materials and methods

Twenty adult volunteers were recruited for the study, wherein ANI response to the emotional stimulus was evaluated. An emotional stimulus was obtained through a 60-second music sound record from the song "Ala Gozlerini Sevdikim Dilber," performed by the Turkish rock band Badem. ANI measurements were obtained before the song presentation (T-pre), at the end of the record presentation (T0), and each minute thereafter until the end of the five-minute observation (T1-T5).

Results

Twenty participants were investigated; 10 males and 10 females. The mean age of the participants was 17.0 +/- 0.9 (min: 16, max: 20). ANI measurements were significantly lower in T0 and T3 compared with T-pre = 0.009). The differences between other values were not statistically significant.

Conclusion

ANI can be used for assessment of parasympathetic changes related to the emotional state of conscious patients.