The Epidemiological Characteristics of Diabetic Children in the Province of Adiyaman

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: This retrospective study evaluated the clinical and laboratory findings and epidemiological characteristics of children diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) aged 0-18 years.

METHODS: Seventy-eight subjects newly diagnosed with DM at the Adiyaman Training and Research Hospital between October 2016 and August 2018 were enrolled. Patients were divided into four groups based on age at diagnosis and type of diabetes [neonatal DM, Type 1 DM, Type 2 DM, and maturity onset diabetes of the young [MODY]).

RESULTS: Type 1 DM was determined in 45 patients (57.7%), Type 2 DM in 13 (16.7%), MODY type 2 in 15 (19.2%), MODY type 3 in three (3.9%) and neonatal DM in two (2.5%). The prevalence of type 1 DM peaked in the 10-14 (35.6%) and 5-9 (31.1%) age groups. Female gender predominated in the 0-4 and 5-9 age groups, and male gender in the 10-14 and 15-17 age groups. Nine (69.2%) patients with type 2 DM were girls and four (30.8%) were boys, and mean age at diagnosis was 13.2 +/- 2.4 years. GCK-MODY constituted 15 (83.3%) of the 18 MODY cases, and HNF1A-MODY was diagnosed in three (16.7%).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Patients with type 1 DM in Adiyaman province were most commonly diagnosed at 10-14 years. The disease more commonly emerged in girls under 10 and in boys over 10. Children with type 2 DM were diagnosed at a mean age of 13.2 years, and female gender predominated among these. Monogenic diabetes, and particularly GCK-MODY, occupies an important place among all causes of diabetes in our region.