Ricci solitons in 3-dimensional normal almost paracontact metric manifolds

Abstract

In the present paper we study 3-dimensional normal almost paracontact metric manifolds admitting Ricci solitons and gradient Ricci solitons. We give an example of 3-dimensional normal almost paracontact metric manifold. It is shown that if in a 3-dimensional normal almost paracontact metric manifold with alpha, beta = constant the metric is Ricci soliton, where potential vector field V is collinear with the characteristic vector field xi, then the manifold is eta-Einstein. We also prove that an eta-Einstein 3-dimensional normal almost paracontact metric manifold with alpha, beta = constant and V = xi admits a Ricci soliton. Furthermore, we show that if a 3-dimensional normal almost paracontact metric manifold admits a Ricci soliton (g, xi, lambda) then the Ricci soliton is shrinking.